Curated links to academic research, historical sources, and scholarly materials for advanced readers and academics.
The Roman historian Livy provides detailed accounts of the Second Punic War, including references to Sophonisba.
Period: 64 BCE - 12 BCE
Availability: Translation available through university libraries
Greek historian Appian's comprehensive account of the Punic Wars, written from a more neutral perspective than Livy.
Period: 95-165 CE
Availability: English translation: Penguin Classics and others
Biographical account of Scipio Africanus, a key figure in the war against Carthage.
Period: 46-120 CE
Availability: Translated in "Plutarch's Lives"
Greek historian Polybius wrote extensively about the Punic Wars and Mediterranean politics.
Period: 200-118 BCE
Availability: Partial English translations available
Roman historian Cassius Dio provides accounts of the Second Punic War period, including information about Massinissa and the political dynamics of North Africa.
Period: 155-235 CE
Availability: English translation available online and through Penelope Project
Link: Read Online
Contemporary scholarly works on ancient history, Carthage, and women in antiquity:
Classic Historical Work
Comprehensive history of Carthage
Modern Scholarship
In-depth analysis of military strategy and campaigns
Gender Studies
Research on female agency in Carthaginian society
Biographical Study
Political and military role of Massinissa
Regional History
Context for understanding Sophonisba's world
Scholarly Article
Critical examination of historical sources
Use these topics and keywords to find academic articles and research:
Access through institutional memberships to academic databases and journals
Free access to many peer-reviewed articles and scholarly works
Comprehensive digital library of academic journals (requires subscription)
Digital humanities resource with ancient history materials
Free access to many classic historical texts and academic works
Many peer-reviewed historical journals offer free online access
Consult with your institution's librarian or academic advisor for current scholarly recommendations and access to academic databases.